64 pages • 2 hours read
Chloe WalshA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
The trauma that Shannon experiences throughout her life plays a central role in her characterization throughout the novel. The novel includes frequent descriptions of the physical marks her father’s abuse leaves on Shannon’s body, and these temporary marks serve as symbols of the lasting psychological effects of this abuse. From the first lines of the text, Shannon is introduced as a character who suffers from severe anxiety and issues with her self-image, as she stands in the mirror and criticizes her body—having internalized the verbal abuse she has received from her peers. Her past experiences have conditioned her to expect the worst in all social situations, and as a result, she finds it difficult to trust anyone. From her first interaction with Johnny, in which she assumes that she was intentionally struck by a ball and that further bullying will stem from the incident, it is clear that the bullying she has endured from her peers makes it difficult for her to socialize and form friendships. In one such interaction, when Claire gossips with the two girls in the locker room after PE class, Shannon notes how “their banter was perfectly normal. It was my reaction to the banter that I was mad about. My constant overreaction to everything” (375). Hearing the girls gossip about Bella and her anger over losing Johnny, Shannon flees into the rain, where she vomits in the grass. She knows her reaction is unhealthy, but she is powerless to stop it.
This physical reaction to even the discussion of bullying reflects the deep emotional trauma that Shannon carries as a result of her past abuse, both from the girls at her old schools and from her father. This situation cannot change until Shannon allows herself to trust someone and to speak openly about what she has endured. The pattern repeats itself throughout the novel, as Shannon flees from her confrontation with Shannon, vomits in the hall while thinking about going home to her abusive father, sobs uncontrollably in Johnny’s arms in his bedroom after hearing that her parents have come home, and faces severe anxiety over things like a school trip to Dublin that lasts past the school day.
Like Johnny, Shannon largely elects to handle these situations on her own, revealing the truth only to Joey and refusing repeatedly to tell Johnny except when he is high in the hospital bed. Although there is little Johnny can do to physically help her aside from calling authorities or physically attacking her father back—both of which Shannon believes would make the situation worse—what Johnny can do is offer emotional support. Her first step in revealing the truth to him on the bus and in the hospital room will hopefully lead her toward healing, with his support.
Much of Johnny’s identity centers on his ability to play rugby, but this identity means something different to him than it does to others. Because he is secretive about his pain, others see only his excellence on the field. For Johnny, the experience of rugby is primarily one of pain and exhaustion. The first time he is introduced to the reader, he is on the rugby pitch, and his narration begins with the declaration, “I was exhausted” (19). He then goes on to describe his strict diet, his training schedule, his therapy for his injury, and the fact that he is playing both for the national U18 team and at Tommen. However, rather than feeling anger or resentment toward his exhaustion, he instead accepts his structured life and lack of ability to be “well, [a] teenager” as a consequence of wanting to follow his dreams (21). The darker side of Johnny’s admirable focus and drive is an obsessive fear of losing his dreams. This fear leads him to hide his pain—refusing support from others and avoiding the rest that would allow his body to heal. After struggling with a groin injury for months, he finally decides to have surgery; however, instead of recovering from the surgery appropriately, he lies to his doctors and hides the true pain that he is in, potentially endangering his future. His sole focus becomes making the U20 national rugby team, even as he finds himself in too much pain to move and constantly limping from his injury.
Because the people around Johnny see only his success and not his pain, they reward him for that success in ways that increase the pressure he feels. He gets personal favors from the school secretary, who allows him to break school rules, he is regularly served alcohol with his friends at Biddies despite being a minor, and he constantly promises tickets to his games to people like the taxi driver and Joey in return for favors. Although Johnny admits that he is annoyed by the attention that he gets from his rugby skill, he is also open about the fact that he uses it to his advantage throughout the novel—thereby applying further pressure on himself to continue his success in order to continue to receive the advantages that come with it.
One of the central focuses in the novel is Johnny’s inability to enjoy his childhood because of the pressure to succeed at rugby. He explains that he largely socializes with grown men in rugby and has sex with older women, wanting to avoid the “bullshit” (46) that comes with younger girls. In his own words, he explains that his “childhood was robbed from [him] because of [his] ability to play rugby” (47). This sentiment is reflected by his mother, who has a similar conversation with Shannon in the car. Ultimately, Johnny finds relief from the pressures of rugby through his relationship with Shannon. After the two sit in her room for hours studying, he thinks to himself, “Where the hell did the time go? I never missed a meal. I wasn’t even sore. I couldn’t remember the last time I spent four hours sitting down” (470). In other words, something as simple as losing track of time studying with Shannon is a shift away from the pressures of Johnny’s daily life, and this shift allows him the space to see how he has been harming himself. When Shannon expresses her love for him in the hospital—regardless of whether he plays rugby or not—Johnny realizes for the first time in years that he is worthy of love with or without rugby.
While they spend much of the novel stubbornly trying to hide their problems, Shannon and Johnny each find that they can heal only when they allow themselves to rely on friends, family, and community.
Shannon’s support initially comes largely from her brother, Joey. As their father relentlessly abuses her, Joey does his best to keep him in control, physically fighting back and threatening their father whenever he is around. Additionally, he helps Shannon at the schools where she is bullied, standing up for her and sometimes getting in fights to defend her. As Shannon describes it, “[H]e was always fighting my battles, always jumping in to defend me and pull me to safety” (10). Throughout the novel, the two discuss how to deal with their abusive father in a way that will keep them together and keep their younger siblings safe. Though Joey is 18 and could move out on his own, he chooses to remain at home to protect Shannon. However, despite the support that Shannon gets from him and so desperately needs, it becomes clear by the novel’s end that relying on Joey alone is not fair to either of them. His desire to protect Shannon forces him to compromise his hurling dreams and places himself in danger. Shannon also finds support in Joey’s girlfriend, Aoife, who surprises them both by buying their groceries, caring for their younger siblings, and even giving them money when both of their parents leave the house for several days. At school, Shannon also gets help from Claire and Lizzie, who provide her with friendship and protection at Tommen.
In direct contrast to Shannon, Johnny gets immense support from his parents. His parents are wealthy and can buy him the best gear for rugby, pay for his tuition at Tommen, and allow him to play rugby competitively in whatever leagues he can. While they are largely absent physically in the novel, it is clear that they support him emotionally and want what is best for him—whether that is playing rugby or not. However, like Shannon, Johnny’s inability to express his problems and discuss them with his family and friends leaves him to deal with them largely on his own. Although Gibsie knows of his injury, Johnny keeps the full extent of it largely private from him and tells his parents and coaches nothing about it. As a result, Johnny experiences the pressures that come with youth sports largely on his own, leading to his potentially career-ending injury in his last game.
Ultimately, Shannon and Johnny finally find the support they need in each other. Although Johnny does not remember Shannon telling him that his father abuses her, she does take the first step in admitting it to him. On the bus, Johnny admits to Shannon the extent of his injury and the fear he holds for his rugby future if he can’t overcome it. Additionally, when Shannon tells him that he is “worth so much more than rugby” (584), he recognizes that he finally has someone who will love him because of who he is as a person, not because of his rugby skill. Both characters have spent their lives building walls around themselves to hide who they truly are, and in each other, they finally find the support they need.
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