57 pages • 1 hour read
Elin HilderbrandA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Content Warning: This section of the guide mentions miscarriage, substance use, addiction, and suicide.
Vivian “Vivi” Howe is the protagonist of Golden Girl. She was a successful novelist and mother of three who lived in and wrote about Nantucket. After dying in an accidental hit-and-run at the beginning of the book, Vivi watches over her children’s lives from the “Beyond” over the rest of the summer as an investigation into her death simultaneously unfolds.
Just as she was to Brett Caspian, her high school boyfriend, Vivi is presented as a “golden girl” to the larger public and even to her family to some extent. She is ambitious, wealthy, and successful. Vivi’s career as an author is prolific enough to not only put Nantucket on the map and endear her to the community, but it also earns an amount that sees her paying alimony after her divorce. Additionally, unlike the other Nantucketers around her, including JP, her ex-husband, and Savannah, her best friend, Vivi’s wealth and success are entirely self-made. Having fallen in love with Nantucket during the summer after graduation, Vivi was determined to stay there after being left without accommodation following a weeklong stay at Savannah’s family home. Beginning with a job at the dry cleaner, where she eventually met JP, Vivi worked hard to create the family and career she enjoyed. Her ambition translated into both her personal and professional life: While a part of her longed to top the bestseller lists with her books, another part of her was driven to give her children the same comfortable home they lost with her after Vivi and JP’s divorce.
Due to this, Vivi was also well-loved. Her motivation and drive to succeed did not only stem from personal ambition but also a characteristic resilience and a deep love and concern for her family. Especially because of the latter, Vivi is consistently generous and gracious with even those who have wronged her, including JP and Amy, for she always has her children’s best interests at heart. For instance, despite the rejection she faced from the Field and Oar Club after her divorce, she allows JP to have Willa’s wedding there despite Vivi being the one footing the bill. Actions like these paint her as dignified and respectable in the eyes of the Nantucket community at large and ensure that she is loved by those who know her, including JP and her family members. Hilderbrand reiterates this by how Amy is jealous of Vivi and insecure about JP’s enduring affection for his ex-wife.
Despite these numerous positive traits, Vivi is not perfect and is a complex character. Her past shows her to be a troubled and lonely teenager who desperately clings to her high school boyfriend following her father’s death by suicide. In fact, Vivi makes a decision she regrets for the rest of her life by lying about a pregnancy to bring Brett back to her; later, she pretends to have a miscarriage and breaks up with him when she goes to college, derailing their plans for a future together. However, while these actions can be seen as callous, the context of tragedy and insight into Vivi’s grief, despair, and eventual regret over her actions redeem her in Brett’s eyes, making her a sympathetic character. Although her life was most impacted by Vivi’s lies, Brett reminds Willa that her mother was only human when she is shocked by her mother’s actions. Vivi is a flawed character whose strengths inspire admiration, and her mistakes invite empathy and understanding; by presenting her as human instead of perfect, Hilderbrand shows how she embodies Introspection on Life’s Achievements and Regrets.
Willa is Vivi and JP’s oldest daughter and a static character. She is married to her childhood sweetheart, Charles Evan “Rip” Bonham III, and is 24 years old. After having experienced three miscarriages in the past, Willa is newly pregnant when Vivi passes away.
There are echoes of Vivi’s resilience in Willa, just as there are sharp contrasts. Like Vivi’s relationship with Brett, Willa, too, grew closer to Rip after loss—in this case, Vivi and JP’s divorce. Like Vivi, Willa appears calm and level-headed in tough circumstances—even as she grieves her mother, she soldiers on with her life, continuing to work and attempting to maintain normalcy for her unborn child. However, unlike Vivi, Willa never outgrows her relationship with Rip in search of something bigger or more exciting. On the contrary, Willa finds comfort in the stability of a relationship in a way Vivi never did—Rip and Willa continue to love and cherish each other with the same devotion and commitment they displayed when they were just childhood sweethearts.
Despite these differences, Willa and her mother were close; besides Rip, Vivi was the only one who knew about Willa’s nascent pregnancy, and Willa deeply mourns her mother’s death. However, Willa’s grief and the way she processes the aftermath of Vivi’s death are different from those of her siblings. Unlike Carson and Leo, Willa has a family of her own to focus on. While Vivi’s death leaves Willa shaken, especially because she is going to become a mother herself, Willa does not feel bereft in the same way. She is at a life stage where she will soon have to serve as a source of strength for another human being, the same way her mother did to her. Willa is the only one of Vivi’s adult children with whom Vivi’s relationship has grown out of all childhood needs and adolescent turbulence and completely settled into an adult dynamic, presenting one display of Growing Up After Parental Loss in Adulthood.
Carson is Vivi and JP’s middle child and second daughter and a dynamic character. She is fiery and rebellious, constantly acting out ever since her parents’ divorce. Carson is 21 years old and employed as a bartender at the Oystercatcher, a local establishment, when Vivi passes away. Besides engaging in drug and alcohol abuse, Carson is also having an affair with Zach Bridgeman, the much older husband of her brother-in-law Rip’s sister.
Carson’s relationship with Vivi is briefly glimpsed on the morning of Vivi’s death before Vivi heads out for a jog—mother and daughter clash about Carson’s irresponsible behavior, but they also quickly reconcile, with Carson texting Vivi an apology. This interaction is representative of Carson and Vivi’s relationship, which is also influenced by the stage of life Carson is in: There is conflict and tension as Vivi worries about Carson’s choices, but this is rooted in love and concern, which Carson knows and appreciates. Hence, she is left feeling rootless after Vivi’s death and continues down a spiral of dangerous choices until Vivi’s ghostly intervention.
Just as Willa and Vivi’s relationship had matured into an adult dynamic, Carson and Vivi’s is reminiscent of a parent-adolescent equation. This is the challenge Carson is left with after Vivi’s death—outgrowing her impulsive and self-destructive tendencies to embrace a more responsible adult life. Vivi’s nudge allows Carson the pause to make this change, and by the end of the book, Carson has entered an appropriate romantic relationship and prepares to leave Nantucket with Marshall to build a life together elsewhere.
Leo is the youngest of Vivi and JP’s children. He is 18 years old and has just graduated high school when Vivi passes away. Leo is gay, but the only person who knows this is Cruz DeSantis, Leo’s best friend and unrequited love, whom Leo kisses the night before Vivi’s death.
Leo’s relationship with Vivi lacks both the maturity of her dynamic with Willa and the conflict of her dynamic with Carson—despite technically being an adult, Leo is still a child who needs his mother. Thus, his grief is the most intense of the three children, necessitating Vivi’s intervention at the earliest point in the narrative. Leo is left to deal with Vivi’s death just as he falls out with Cruz, leaving him without any emotional support needed to navigate the multiple challenges in his life: the loss of a parent, the rupture in a friendship, the heartbreak of an unrequited love, and the worry of a closely guarded secret becoming public.
Leo’s character arc thus revolves around finding emotional support again and making steps into adulthood on his own. While Vivi’s nudge steers Leo away from a dangerous path, Leo eventually must do the rest of his Growing Up After Parental Loss in Adulthood on his own: He breaks up with Marissa and reconciles with Cruz, and by the end of the book, he prepares to go off to college, marking another milestone into adult life.
Martha is Vivi’s “Person,” a soul assigned to help Vivi transition from death to the afterlife. She greets Vivi in the “Beyond” and grants Vivi her 75-day viewing window and three nudges. Martha also routinely visits Vivi in her viewing room, responding to questions or concerns Vivi has, dismissing others, and generally helping Vivi process and make sense of everything she witnesses below. Martha is essentially an omniscient narrator without a voice. She parallels the role of an author in a book with a close third-person perspective—she symbolizes Hilderbrand within the world of Golden Girl. Martha is aware of Vivi’s past, present, legacy, and the roads not taken in her life; she is also constantly attuned to Vivi’s thoughts and feelings. As a character, she aids Vivi, particularly concerning The Power of Fate and Destiny Versus Choice and Agency and Introspection on Life’s Achievements and Regrets.
At the same time, Martha remains empathetic to Vivi without being swayed by her requests and desires, as she has the larger picture in mind. She guides Vivi’s use of the nudges to influence a particular set of events. For instance, she disallows Vivi from using a nudge to prevent Brett’s arrival in Nantucket. Martha doesn’t give a reason for her veto; only later does Vivi realize how Brett and Willa’s meeting is what eventually brought both his song and Vivi’s book an immense success. An alternate set of events would have unfolded if Brett never met Willa; however, Martha makes an “executive decision” to ensure this particular outcome. Thus, she guides the story along in an all-knowing manner without revealing more than is necessary, allowing both Vivi and the reader to experience the story as it unfolds.
By Elin Hilderbrand