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41 pages 1 hour read

Angela Carter

The Bloody Chamber and Other Stories

Fiction | Short Story Collection | Adult | Published in 1979

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Background

Authorial Context: Angela Carter’s Literary Impact

Angela Carter (1950-1992) was a prolific and outspoken feminist novelist, short story writer, journalist, playwright, and poet. In 2008, The Times ranked Carter as number 10 in their list of “The 50 greatest British writers since 1945.” Although her most renowned work by far is The Bloody Chamber, she also authored several novels, poetry collections, and radio plays (including adaptations of stories from The Bloody Chamber).

In the 1960s through ’80s, the time when Carter was writing most prolifically, female writers were a minority, and few were tackling the sort of contentious subject matter that Carter was offering up with unabashed directness. The Bloody Chamber allows women to be both sensual and sexual, beautiful and grotesque, messy with humanity even when they don’t strictly fit into a human mold. Moreover, Carter takes stories and motifs that are inherently familiar—most of her contemporary readers would have known the stories of Beauty and the Beast or Red Riding Hood—and examines them in fresh and unexpected ways. English author Jeanette Winterson says that “What Angela Carter did with fairy tales was take the stories that we all know and turn them inside out. Take the components that were familiar and make them into something that gave women back the power” (“Radical Writing: Was Angela Carter Ahead of Her Time?BBC, 1 Aug. 2018). This approach went on to inspire a generation of authors including Winterson, as well as Margaret Atwood, Neil Gaiman, Anne Enright, and countless others.

Now, Angela Carter is celebrated with a range of documentaries and biographical materials, stage adaptations of her work, and university-level courses that explore her prevailing influence. Her work continues to reach and inspire new generations of readers, with her voice still resonating in fantasy and feminist literature, art, and music today.

Literary Context: Reimagining Fairy Tales

Although Angela Carter produced a range of work, she is predominantly remembered as part of the fairy tale tradition. The Bloody Chamber re-imagines Bluebeard, Beauty and the Beast, Red Riding Hood, Snow White, The Snow Child, The Erl-King, and Sleeping Beauty. Some of these fairy tales are more well-known than others, having made it into our contemporary cultural canon; others are more obscure.

Although fairy tale retellings are most often associated with contemporary literature, writers have been re-imagining these classic stories for generations. The Trials and Tribulations of Little Red Riding Hood, by folklore scholar Jack Zipes, dives into the myriad ways this particular story has been re-interpreted. The volume includes Carter’s “The Company of Wolves,” as well as retellings from all over the world throughout the 20th century. One of the earliest examples of a literary retelling dates from 1934: “Little Red Riding Hood” by Irish author Edith Anne Œnone Somerville. However, it wasn’t until Angela Carter that this type of storytelling entered mainstream literature.

Today, fairy tale retellings are more popular than ever. One story with a clear connection to Carter’s work is Neil Gaiman’s “The Sleeper and the Spindle”—a gothic retelling that blends elements of Snow White and Sleeping Beauty and shares motifs with Carter’s “The Lady of the House of Love.” Other contemporary writers associated with fairy tale influences include Kelly Link, Jane Yolen, and Theodora Goss. Each of them has, directly or indirectly, been positively impacted by the cultural shift instigated by The Bloody Chamber.

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