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79 pages 2 hours read

Erik Larson

The Devil in the White City: Murder, Magic, and Madness at the Fair That Changed America

Nonfiction | Book | Adult | Published in 2003

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Part 4, Chapters 5-6Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 4: “Cruelty Revealed”

Part 4, Chapter 5 Summary: “‘All the Weary Days’”

Chicago police discovered Holmes’ castle. Its macabre interior encompassed airtight rooms and a vault fitted with a gas jet that was controlled from Holmes’ own apartment. In the hotel basement they found a vat of acid in which the bones of numerous human bodies were floating, a blood-stained dissection table, charred high heels, human hair, and further vaults filled with quicklime and human remains. They discovered the jewelry Holmes had given Minnie as a gift. A further hidden chamber yielded more horrors. The footprint of Emeline Cigrand was discovered inside the second-floor vault. Charles Chappell told detectives he had helped Holmes turn corpses to articulated skeletons. Chicago’s newspapers were full of these reports. Geyer travelled across the country in search of Howard. The police suspected that the castle was burned to the ground to hide evidence. Finally, in Irvington, Indianapolis, Geyer found that Holmes had set up a large wood stove in a rented house and had his surgical tools sharpened at a local repair shop. Geyer testified that he found Howard’s remains in the chimney along with Howard’s spinning top that his father had given him at the fair as a present.

Part 4, Chapter 6 Summary: “Malice Afterthought”

Holmes was put on trial for murder on September 12th, 1895. He claimed innocence, blaming Minnie Williams. His memoir was published. Chicago was ashamed its police force had failed to intercept Holmes in his activities. Its chief of police had even represented Holmes in a dozen lawsuits.

Part 4, Chapters 5-6 Analysis

The Holmes detective story reaches its climax in these chapters with the discovery at last of the castle and the whereabouts of the Pitezel children’s bodies. The full extent of Holmes’ depravity is revealed, including details that would haunt the national consciousness, such as Cigrand’s footprint and Holmes’ sneering joke in a letter to the pharmacist in his drugstore: “Do you ever see anything of the ghost of the Williams sisters, and do they trouble you much now?” (364). The journalists at the time wrote vehemently of Holmes: “He is a prodigy of wickedness, a human demon, a being so unthinkable that no novelist would dare to invent such a character. The story, too, tends to illustrate the end of the century” (369). Larson’s rewriting of events has been largely unfolded. The book comes full circle by breaking the “fourth wall” and referring to the contemporary press coverage. Larson underlines the simultaneously historical and archetypal nature of events in the book. 

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