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Nora finds Daniel packing his things. He says that he must return home because his family has learned of the incident at the club. She places some books on his bed, but he doesn’t want her in his bedroom. Nora thinks it’s ridiculous that he rejects help “merely to follow convention” (156) but says nothing. Three days later, Daniel has not returned or sent word. Nora raises the subject with Croft, who says that Daniel is trying to put things right with “that flibbertigibbet,” his fiancée. Croft thinks that Daniel is better off without Mae, and Nora initially judges Daniel for choosing romance over medicine, but when she imagines herself in his shoes, she relents. She does want love and hopes that Harry might be her chance. She resolves to test Croft’s theory that pig dung was the cause of the patient’s sepsis.
When Harry arrives unexpectedly the next morning, Nora agrees to go with him because she is anxious to get out of the house. Harry says that Daniel will have to give up medicine to win Mae back. Harry feels guilty for failing to prevent Nora from entering the club, telling her, “I actually liked it […]. You aren’t like other women” (163). Nora tells him of her plans to test Croft’s theory that pig dung caused the woman’s sepsis, and Harry promises to help. Returning home, she finds that Croft has left for Edinburgh.
Harry brings two puppies for Nora’s experiment and says that Daniel is still pursuing Mae. Harry spends the morning helping Nora in the clinic. She doesn’t want to tell Mrs. Phipps about her plans for the puppies. That night, she attends a birth and returns to find Croft returned. He went to Scotland to observe some experiments with ether, and he is now amazed by the possibilities. He tells Nora to bring the puppies to the lab so that he can test the gas on them. Mrs. Phipps demands to know where they are taking her dogs, and Nora promises that Croft won’t dissect them. After he demonstrates the ether’s success with one pup, it is Nora’s turn to try the substance. Croft promises that it is safe, so she climbs onto the table, breathes it in, and loses consciousness.
Daniel returns to Croft’s home with Mae’s engagement ring in his pocket. She didn’t cry when she returned it, and now, Daniel privately sheds tears in the privacy of the night-shrouded London streets. When he enters the clinic, he sees the unconscious Nora and fears that she is dead. Croft tells him about the ether, and Daniel cannot believe that Croft would use this “dinner-party” drug on Nora. She awakens with a cry, and Daniel is furious with Croft and desperately relieved that Nora is well. When she calls him “Daniel,” he feels an emotion that he cannot name. She recalls nothing, and Croft drugs the other dog to prove to Daniel how safe the ether is. After being shamed by his parents and rejected by Mae, Daniel realizes that he missed the chaos of Croft’s house and is grateful for Nora’s and Croft’s presence.
Daniel buries himself in work at the clinic. One night, he finds Nora there with a box of chicks. She has been checking their health before she begins her pig dung experiment on them. Daniel offers to help, asking if Nora is testing Croft’s theory that pigs excrete diseases that can contaminate an open wound. Before, he would have found her attitude and ideas to be distasteful, but now he thinks that she is brave. Ultimately, the test results are inconclusive, but Nora wants to experiment further. However, Croft’s enthusiasm for experimenting with the ether dominates much of Nora and Daniel’s time. Croft believes that ether could help women in labor, and he hopes to find a pregnant prostitute who might allow him to drug her. He has no luck, however, even though he offers to provide a home for the baby. Nora is shocked, telling him that a baby would be far more difficult than she was, and he argues that Mrs. Phipps doesn’t mind the puppies. Nora is horrified and hurt by his remarks. She goes to the park, where she is later joined by Croft. He apologizes for not considering her feelings when he spoke earlier and admits that he would be lost without her. He tells her that he took her in because of the cholera but asserts that she has become irreplaceable. Croft rejoices that Harry cannot yet afford to marry because that means Nora will stay a while longer.
Later that night, Nora considers what Croft said about Harry, and she wonders if Harry cares about her enough to marry her. She realizes that she would be an ideal wife for him because of her organizational, medical, and management skills, but she worries that he might grow to resent her opinions. His presence doesn’t affect her as much as it used to, but Nora will not allow herself to consider why this is. She is grateful for the distraction offered by the ether, as she, Croft, and Daniel have many hypotheses about how it could be used to help patients. Croft longs to try it on someone who needs a tooth pulled and convinces a dentist to try. The ether works well until the patient begins to cough and gag, though the man wakes with no memory of this and is happy to have slept through the pain. Croft reports that another doctor wants to try ether’s therapeutic effects on patients with mental health conditions, and he plans to join this doctor tomorrow.
While Croft is away, a man named John Prescott arrives, doubled over in pain. Prescott is looking for his friend, Harry, and Nora explains to Daniel that Harry introduced them. Prescott has a hernia, for which Harry has been treating him, but this is the worst it has ever been. Nora and Daniel struggle to get Prescott to the clinic, and Daniel curses when Prescott screams in pain. On the table, Prescott vomits and says he hasn’t had a bowel movement in days. He faints when Daniel tries to push the hernia back through his abdomen. They cannot reach another doctor in time and fear that Prescott’s bowel has ruptured due to an obstruction. Daniel could try to free it with a small incision, but it is likely that Prescott will die. Daniel has never cleared a bowel obstruction before. Nora once repaired a hernia on a cadaver, and she knows where to cut from reading about the French doctor who removed a patient’s appendix through a hernial opening. Nora grabs the ether, reasoning that Prescott will die if they do nothing, but he only might die if they operate. Daniel tells her to go ahead, and she doses Prescott, knocking him out. Daniel makes the first incision but hesitates, and Nora takes over.
Nora has never operated on a living person. While she does, Daniel manages sponges and spoons, anticipating her needs. She locates a length of bulging black bowel and untwists, then waits to see if it returns to normal. Daniel thinks that the section of organ is dead, but still Nora waits. Within 45 seconds, the bowel begins to resume its normal appearance. They replace it, push the hernia back through the abdominal wall, and stitch Prescott’s incision closed. Prescott wakes up in much less pain, but it is too early to claim success because infection could still set in. However, Nora notices Daniel looking at her and smiling.
Prescott felt nothing during the operation, and Nora is thrilled that the ether is so effective. Nora and Daniel decide to wait a few days before mentioning the ether. Daniel brings wine to toast Nora’s first surgery, and she sets to scrubbing the table. She feels like she did something crazy, but Daniel reassures her, placing his hand atop hers. She tries to untie her apron, but it is knotted tightly, and he must help her. Daniel considers what his mother would say about his being in “shirtsleeves” in front of a lady, and Nora suggests that he would get a lecture on propriety. They toast to the ether and celebrate their success as they savor their newfound closeness to one another. She asks about Mae, and he tells her that the relationship is over. They check on Prescott, and Nora falls asleep keeping watch.
Daniel takes notes on the operation, then covers Nora with a blanket. When Prescott wakes up, Daniel makes him comfortable before rubbing his own back and returning to the hard chair. When Daniel wakes the next morning, he feels uneasy, remembering the night before. He thinks of his reputation, which is still in shambles. If he wants to share what he and Nora accomplished, he will have to take credit for a surgery that Nora performed, and no one will believe that he operated alone.
Prescott still is still sleeping, and Nora dozes in the room’s other bed. Daniel is also exhausted. When Harry arrives, looking for his friend, Prescott awakens, startling Nora. Harry’s face hardens when he sees Nora and Daniel and learns of Prescott’s surgery. Outside the room, Daniel explains that they had no choice, but Harry condemns their decision to operate on the abdomen. Harry knows that Daniel could not have operated on the powerfully built Prescott alone, and Daniel admits to using ether and letting Nora assist. Daniel explains that Nora suggested freeing the bowel and waiting for the blood to flow again. Then they sewed the hernia closed. Daniel says Nora was brilliant, that the ether made the operation safer because Prescott couldn’t move. Harry tells Daniel that Nora’s involvement could damn him and that no one will listen no matter how credible he seems. Daniel believes they can still publish their findings without mentioning Nora’s involvement and asks Harry to lie and say that he assisted. For several days, Daniel tends Prescott and coaches Harry. He feels guilty about depriving Nora of recognition, but he knows that society would crucify her for operating, no matter how successful her efforts have proven to be.
When Daniel attempts to dissuade Mae from calling off their engagement, Nora resents his willingness to sacrifice his profession for the sake of love. She has never even allowed herself to dream of love, due to her dedication to practicing medicine and the need for secrecy. She prioritizes her occupation over her heart while Daniel does the opposite even when he has no sexual or legal barriers with which to contend, and this deliberate reversal emphasizes The Arbitrary Nature of Social Conventions. Ironically, Daniel is more concerned about the domestic sphere than Nora will ever be, while Nora has long valued the public sphere of her profession much more deeply than the expectations of others.
The Arbitrary Nature of Social Conventions is also reflected in Daniel’s difficulty in enduring the cries of a person in pain, which contrasts with Nora’s greater confidence and capability as a surgeon. She has been trained by Croft to ignore such cries, so she does. Croft has had decades of practice and is by nature a rather unemotional person, and the influence of his upbringing teaches Nora to follow suit so that she may remain efficient and calm in the clinic. Similarly, Harry’s two years in the navy forced him to deal with the cries of men in pain, and if he had hesitated or allowed himself to be affected by these sounds, he might have done more harm than good. Thus, Nora’s experience proves that a woman can become just as hardened by experience and training as a man can, while Daniel’s sensibilities imply that a man can empathize with others’ suffering, just as a woman can. Moreover, despite Nora’s brilliance in the operating room and her technical expertise, Harry knows that the surgeons at the hospital will “mock and vilify” (223) them if they tell the truth. Because of the social conventions based on sex, Nora’s status as a woman is the only relevant detail about her: not her skill, aptitude, bravery, or brilliance. This illogical devaluation of talent and skill makes such conventions not only arbitrary, but dangerous.
Additionally, both Daniel and Nora are changing as their feelings for one another shift significantly in this section. Now free of his engagement to the “flibbertigibbet” and hearing Nora call him as she awakens from the ether, Daniel is rocked by a feeling he cannot name, and when she experiments on the chicks, he realizes that she is willing to do something she finds difficult—harming animals—and engage in objectionable work for the advancement of her field. She also puts herself at risk to rescue his reputation. By contrast, Mae heartlessly abandons him to save herself any further embarrassment. Faced with these contradictions to the usual societal models, Daniel finds his own rigid internal rules bending, and after operating on Prescott, he even allows himself to break convention and converse with Nora while wearing only his shirt and no jacket, though he knows his mother would be appalled. He sleeps in Prescott’s room with her and even reaches for her hand. More significantly, he breaks convention when he hands the scalpel to Nora during the operation itself. The narrative therefore demonstrates that Nora is changing Daniel’s thinking in many ways; he is becoming less concerned about following counterintuitive conventions, and he finds her fascinating rather than frightening. Likewise, Nora’s feelings are changing too. Daniel’s smiles are not unwelcome, and she begins to get an inkling of the shift in her feelings as she gradually comes to favor Daniel over Harry. Once she realizes how intense Daniel’s empathy is when others suffer, her view of him softens, and even when he abandons the clinic for Mae, she puts herself in his shoes and immediately recognizes that she cannot judge him for prioritizing love.
Finally, the use of ether and the decision for Nora to operate on Prescott introduces The Correlation between Risk and Reward. Croft, Nora, and Daniel have murdered many a mouse with ether, but they also know that operating on a conscious patient is unacceptably dangerous because in addition to the harm the patient will cause by thrashing about, the fragility of the abdominal organs will render the operation even more perilous. Thus, they must weigh these known risks against the unknown risks of using ether to anesthetize their patient, for they do not know to what extent it will render Prescott insensible to pain. However, the reward for a successful surgery is also great if it runs as Nora and Daniel hope. Thus, a risky surgery performed by an unlicensed and inexperienced woman while using a new and relatively untested form of anesthesia presents a trifecta of dangers. The chance that something could go wrong is high, but the man will most certainly die if Daniel and Nora refuse to take risks and do nothing. If Prescott lives, what they learn could save countless other lives, and the pair chooses to embrace the risk in hopes of reaping multiple rewards.
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