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54 pages 1 hour read

Lawrence Hill

The Illegal

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2015

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Chapters 12-17Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 2: “Freedom State, 2018”

Chapter 12 Summary

Keita sees that he made it into the newspaper in a story about Calder running the marathon. The story includes a photo of Keita crossing the finish line with an expression of worry. As he rides the bus, he falls asleep. When he wakes up, John is sitting next to him, staring at Keita’s exposed hernia. John introduces himself, and they end up talking for a few hours, sharing details about their childhoods. John explains that Keita can go into hiding in AfricTown. Keita borrows John’s computer and checks his email. He finds an email from someone named George Maxwell from the Pink Palace in Zantoroland, demanding $15,000 in return for his sister Charity. The ransom due date is June 22, 2018. He also sees an email from Charity herself, letting him know she is still alive. Keita realizes he must stay alive and win races to earn the money to free his sister.

Chapter 13 Summary

Saunders, who works for Prime Minister Wellington, and Anton Hamm meet at the All Saints Hotel to discuss their “give and take” relationship. Saunders wants Hamm to give him information about “Illegals from Zantoroland […] hiding in Freedom State” (169). In exchange, Saunders will make Hamm’s tax problems go away and provide him with $60,000 a year. Saunders says they are interested in very specific Illegals, meaning Hamm will be allowed to continue with his runners uninterrupted. Hamm agrees to the deal because he thinks it is the only way out of a potential tax nightmare that could leave him penniless.

Hamm then goes to Zantoroland and takes a taxi to the Pink Palace to meet with George Maxwell. The taxi driver tells Hamm he will be fine because he is white. Hamm delivers an envelope from Saunders, and Maxwell gives Hamm a task in exchange: Hamm must go to the addresses of 15 people and verify whether they live there without speaking to them directly. He is told to give that information to Saunders in Freedom State.

Chapter 14 Summary

Ivernia Beech receives a visit from her son, Jimmy, and Sondra, a social worker. Sondra interviews Ivernia about her ability to continue living alone. Sondra is a compassionate person who explains how Ivernia can successfully keep her independence: hire someone to help around the house, keep good hygiene, pay attention to her appearance, and find some ties to the community. As Ivernia thanks Sondra and escorts her out, she finds Jimmy stealing her silverware.

Ivernia uses her connections to the Clarkson library (to which she and her husband donated a large sum of money eight years earlier) to obtain a volunteer position. Her job is to grant new library cards. She also enjoys reading new books, particularly one called Dying for Dummies, a guide to suicide. She is depressed at the thought of being forced into a retirement home with her assets frozen; she would rather die. In the meantime, she finds denying library cards to people who don’t have proper identification so abhorrent that she bends the rules. She fudges paperwork, giving people fake addresses and granting them library cards anyway. She writes a letter to the prime minister of immigration complaining about this injustice.

Chapter 15 Summary

Keita arrives at the Clarkson bus station and uses its facilities to clean up. A man named Mr. Hero tells Keita he should hide in AfricTown right away. First Keita attempts to cash his marathon prize check at the People’s Bank but is denied because he doesn’t have any identification. Keita realizes that “some people [have] keys to this world, but Keita [is] not one of them” (186).

Chapter 16 Summary

John visits Rocco Calder at his office. He is attempting to get Calder to give him an interview on camera. John asks to use the bathroom, and Calder gets distracted by the entrance of Wellington and Geoffrey. Calder forgets that John is in the bathroom, overhearing the interaction. Wellington reminds Calder that he has not effectively stopped the ships full of refugees from landing and offloading in Freedom State. Calder knows that “[r]eminding him of his failure […] was intended to soften him up for a request. Or an order” (191). Indeed, Wellington then requests that Calder visit Bombay Booty later that night to get information about Yvette Peters.

Calder and his driver are given a password to get through the guards into AfricTown. These same guards once stopped Geoffrey and humiliated him so thoroughly that he had cameras installed, documented their behavior, and used the footage to make a case against all Illegals and AfricTown in general. This became the basis for the platform of the Family Party, which Geoffrey and Wellington represent.

Calder is allowed through and escorted into Lula’s “Pit,” where he is served dinner and watches a wrestling match. He learns that it is called the Pit because the loser of the match is thrown into an actual pit of venomous snakes. Calder is then escorted into a deluxe bedroom where he is met by Darlene. She attempts to seduce him and almost succeeds, but he asks her to just talk. He asks what she knows about Yvette’s deportation and death. Darlene leads him into the bathroom and tells him she will talk in exchange for money. He offers her $500 in cash. She tells him that Yvette slept with “Mr. Big” and then disappeared. She asks him to help her because she’s afraid the same thing will happen to her. Before they can speak further, they hear the sirens of a police raid heading toward them and flee.

Chapter 17 Summary

Keita arrives in AfricTown on foot. He is met by two hustlers, one with a fake gun demanding money, the other a woman who pretends to save Keita and then demands money as a repayment. Upon seeing the shipping containers and the conditions, he feels that AfricTown is much worse off than his own hometown. DeNorval Unthank comes to welcome Keita and show him around. He explains that Keita will start by checking in with “Queen DiStefano” at the Pit. Along the way, Keita visits a lunch program in the courtyard organized by DeNorval.

At the Pit, Keita meets Lula. Keita asks her to help him get his check cashed. She agrees to help in exchange for a 1% fee. She also offers him a free meal, a place to stay for three nights, and assistance in getting a passport and citizenship paperwork for $20,000. After their conversation, Keita is escorted to DeNorval’s shipping container home. He walks in to find DeNorval performing a prostate exam on a man. He learns that DeNorval was once an emergency room chief in Zantoroland, but a colleague outed him as a gay man, so he had to flee to AfricTown. Now he practices little bits of medicine where he can. He addresses Keita’s frequent symptoms of malaise and says he has a theory about what is wrong, but Keita is not comfortable having his blood tested in a nonsterile environment. After Keita is invited to stay with DeNorval, he is shown a clean, comfortable bedroom. Maria, the teenage mother whom John interviewed on the street, is also staying with DeNorval. They enjoy an evening together. Just as Keita is getting ready to sleep, they all have to flee a police raid.

John takes advantage of the chaos by slipping a USB stick (which is a backup of the Bombay Booty footage) into Keita’s backpack and then accompanies him out of AfricTown along the trail back to Clarkson. Ahead of them on the trail, they see Rocco Calder. John had videotaped Calder’s interaction with Darlene, at Darlene’s request. She wants to blackmail Calder into getting “fifteen more water holes dug, a new school built, and a reliable power line installed to feed electricity to AfricTown” (223). John and Keita walk together in the night, discussing their recurring nightmares.

Chapters 12-17 Analysis

Keita and John’s relationship begins to echo Yoyo and Keita’s. John tells Keita that his “teacher says that a good interviewer should strike with a question that’s so uncomfortable it is virtually incendiary” (162). Keita recalls his father making a similar claim and remembers him explaining what “incendiary” means. Keita is fond of John, and much like Keita cared for his father, John cares for and protects Keita. John goes to great lengths to get Keita papers to remain in Freedom State. They have a similar father-son dynamic, and Keita is more open with John than any other character in the novel.

While the novel continues its exploration of Race, Privilege, and Power in this section, Ivernia’s situation represents another kind of prejudice: ageism. There is a marked difference in the way the elderly are treated in Zantoroland and Freedom State. Ivernia is so miserable because of the way her son and the government treat her that she actually reads a book about the best ways to die by suicide: “Ivernia didn’t, especially, want to die. But she didn’t want to live without autonomy or dignity” (180). The “Illegals” of Freedom State express similar sentiments, which is why Ivernia is capable of great empathy toward them. Her empathy guides the reader, and her words become prescriptive, illuminating the issue of Legality Versus Justice.

For example, her letter to the prime minister of immigration complains “about the punitive treatment of people without legal status. To make it a crime for public institutions to serve the undocumented simply isolate[s] people and [drives] them into poverty” (181). Ivernia feels that the system is to blame for both her personal struggles and the refugee crisis; therefore, she doesn’t feel a duty to respect that system. Instead, she finds ways to help undocumented people obtain library cards. Her position as a wealthy white woman grants her the freedom to provide such help without fear of deportation or death even as her fear of being forced out of her home and having her assets frozen grants her insight into the refugees’ plight. Hill sets up this dichotomy so that the reader can see the ripple effects of a system predicated on subjugation and prejudice.

This section also adds nuance to Rocco Calder’s character, who represents the subtle and systemic racism inherent in Western culture. Calder supports a conservative party but makes exceptions when doing so serves his interests. For example, he claims to be anti-immigration and pro-deportation, but he readily concedes that Keita is such a fantastic runner that he would love to see him stay in Freedom State. 

Rocco has similarly ulterior motives for inviting Candace and Ivernia to his fireside consultation: “He put the fix in to secure that good-looking woman who had beaten him at Buttersby: Candace Freixa […] who better to contribute than a black law enforcement officer? And he had invited Ivernia Beech […] he knew that she was a lefty […] but Rocco needed at least one social misfit to attend each session” (188). This practice of including single members of disenfranchised groups to appear diverse is called tokenism. It is significant that Rocco Calder’s character is the one to participate in tokenism; as the minister of immigration, he represents the country’s beliefs about immigrants. Essentially, Calder is interested in cherry-picking “the best” refugees while disregarding the rest, as if they did not deserve the same human rights.

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