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64 pages 2 hours read

Tana French

The Likeness

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2008

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Character Analysis

Cassie Maddox

Detective Cassie Maddox, a dynamic and intriguing character, serves as the protagonist and first-person narrator of the story. Through her, the reader not only goes inside the mind of a female detective but also goes inside the scene of the crime as Cassie assumes the identity of the murder victim. Cassie is tasked with an almost impossible mission by her former boss Frank, but for Cassie sliding into alternate identities comes naturally, and assuming the identity of Lexie Madison is easy because Cassie invented her. However, this undercover assignment is different, not only because Cassie is taking on the role of an actual person but also because Cassie is still recovering from the trauma of her last mission. Operation Vestal was a failure and left Cassie with physical and emotional wounds from which she is still healing. She lost her position on the Murder squad and her beloved partner Rob—the two had a falling out after the traumatic mission and have not spoken since. As Cassie enters Whitethorn House and the realm of the secluded group of friends, she sets out to put her failures behind her and prove herself worthy to rejoin the Dublin Murder squad. However, the ghosts of the past follow her, threatening to derail her investigation, as taking on the role of Lexie Madison tests the limits of her fraying mental stability.

The more time Cassie spends in Whitethorn, the more she learns about Lexie Madison. The case takes twists and turns that confound Cassie’s experience as a detective and bring her to a respect and almost obsession with the mysterious woman. Cassie feels responsible for creating the identity, and she comes to believe Lexie telepathically lured her into the case to exact justice on the murderer. “We had worked together seamlessly, she and I. I had drawn her to this house, this life, every bit as neatly and surely as she had drawn me” (133). However, the life and residents of Whitethorn enchant Cassie with a sense of home and family she never had, and the balance between police work and personal gratification become fuzzy in the haze of Rafe, Daniel, Abby, and Justin’s friendship. In the end Cassie emerges a hero of her own story, as she completes her mission bravely and proves one does not have to erase the past and assume a false identity to start a new life. Cassie learns that to begin again means accepting the past, forgiving herself for her failures, and forging a new path with Sam by her side.

Frank Mackey

Frank Mackey is the hard-nosed, seasoned Murder squad detective leading the Operation Mirror investigation. Frank serves as Cassie’s superior and a significant part of her past. Together they created the persona of Lexie Madison, Cassie’s undercover identity. Cassie has put aside her undercover work to recuperate from her last mission, but Frank pushes her back under to fulfill his daring scheme to catch a murderer. Frank is Cassie’s foil in many ways. He conducts his police work unemotionally and often makes decisions that confound Cassie. “This is one of the things about fighting with Frank: he moves the goalposts faster than you can catch up, you keep losing track of what you were originally arguing about” (283). The reader can sense an undercurrent of tension between the two characters from the beginning, as Frank subsumes Cassie’s time and attention before she leaves for Whitethorn. Sam’s presence in Cassie’s life is threatening to Frank, and he worries her relationship has changed her. When he first met her, she was unattached and easily left behind her old life. It will be harder for to leave now that Sam is a part of her story.

Frank’s often overbearing rule conflicts with Cassie’s independent spirit. She wants to prove to Frank and herself she can successfully go undercover again and solve the case. Frank becomes one of Cassie’s few tethers to the real world while living at Whitethorn, and he recognizes when the mission has gone too far. Through their nightly conversations, Frank reveals he is keenly aware of her disobedience, but he allows her to continue. Frank’s motives for sending Cassie on a mission so soon after Vestal are questionable, but in the end, he proves his loyalty to her by returning the mic recordings from the investigation to her. By protecting her from herself, Frank leaves open the possibility she can return to the Murder squad.

Daniel March

Daniel March is the erudite rakish leader of the exclusive friend group residing at Whitethorn House. He abhors capitalism and rejects the assertion a person must secure a job and a marriage to lead a fulfilled life. Having lost his family, he sets out to create his own: “In all my life, these are the only four people I have ever loved’” (356). Daniel’s desire to carve out a utopia in the Irish countryside is a noble pursuit. His pious polemics on the pursuit of wealth and the evils of patriarchal systems ring false when he is doing little to improve the community in which he lives. Restoring the grandeur of a crumbling manor house will not fix all the ills of the world. What he fails to realize is total isolation from society can have negative repercussions on individuals. Furthermore, his “no pasts” rule forces his friends to deny their community and their personal histories. When his friends begin to rebel against his sacred rules, their unity disintegrates.

Daniel represents a tragic hero whose flaw is his pride and idealism. The author never reveals how Lexie died, but Daniel carries the full truth with him to the grave. He offers himself as one last sacrifice to save Whitethorn. His death is needless but a noble effort to protect Justin, who Cassie determines actually stabbed Lexie. Daniel’s character shows the importance of living in community with an outward focus as opposed to detached seclusion. There is no harm in nonconformity, but there is far more value in harnessing the counter-cultural spirit for the good of all mankind.

Lexie Madison/May-Ruth/Grace

Lexie Madison is both Cassie’s undercover persona and the acquired identity of the murder victim. Symbolically Cassie uses the idea of her imaginary sister to help complete the guise and finds she slips into the character seamlessly for her first mission. Cassie no longer uses this identity since her last undercover assignment went sideways and left her injured and suffering from PTSD. When Cassie finds herself sidelined from undercover work while she recovers, Lexie Madison is reborn as a pregnant stabbing victim, who not only has the name of Cassie’s undercover persona but also looks just like her. Cassie accepts the chance to become her alter ego again to investigate the woman’s murder, but she finds inhabiting the persona of a real person far more difficult than one she created. The idea of Lexie comes to symbolize a past Cassie can never regain.

As the narrative progresses, Cassie learns Lexie was once May-Ruth and possibly a hundred other names, but first she was Grace. In her exploration of the murder victim, Cassie finds a courageous young woman filled with wanderlust whose only fear was settling into the mundane. The only problem is she left a trail of heartbreak and grief in her wake. When she dared to deceive the Whitethorn friends and break their circle of trust, she finally met her end. “[S]he ripped them off emotionally. That’s a dangerous thing to do” (381). Lexie teaches Cassie about the dangers of living a double life. Grace teaches her that leaving whenever circumstances get hard is not a fulfilling way to live.

Rob Ryan

Though the reader only hears Rob’s voice once, his presence pervades the narrative and Cassie’s subconscious. As Cassie’s former partner and best friend, he was an influential part of her professional life but also functioned as Cassie’s only real family. The pair spent a considerable amount of time with each other doing police work and had become an inseparable team. “Rob and I used to be like that: seamless” (112). No matter the situation in the narrative, Rob’s memory is always with her. Subtle gestures and physical interactions between the friends in Whitethorn remind her of the deep attachment she has with Rob. It is not until the end of the narrative that Cassie reveals the true reason she lost Rob. In the wake of the emotional wreckage of Vestal, the two crossed the line between friendship and physical intimacy. Cassie blames herself for the mistake and carries the guilt for damaging their bond.

When Cassie reaches the depths of her entanglement at Whitethorn, she reaches for something or someone to help her find her way back to reality. At first, she thinks a phone call to Sam will do it, but she decides to reach further back into the past with an anonymous call to Rob. After appearing in Cassie’s memory many times like a hazy ghost, Rob’s voice rings out on the page with one word, “Cassie?” Though she does not speak to him, just hearing his voice is enough to pull her back into reality and remind her she is not Lexie Madison. This moment is a turning point when Cassie begins to untangle herself from the false identity and reengage with the job Frank sent her to complete. Once Cassie makes peace with her broken relationship with Rob, she can move forward in her career and into a new season of life with Sam.

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