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Ann PetryA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Jones begins to sleep in the living room after Min hangs up the cross, which continues to make him “restless, uneasy” (231). He’s begun to see the shape of the cross everywhere, especially around Min: “whenever he glanced in her direction, he saw the cross again” (232). Unable to sleep, he trudges up the building’s stairs, hoping to see Lutie again, but he discerns the outline of cross shapes in buildings outside the window, and so returns downstairs.
As he’s about to enter the cellar, Lutie arrives home from the casino. Jones, “thinking that he would have her now, tonight” (234), moves towards her threateningly, then grabs her, his “straining, sweating body” (236) filling Lutie with terror. As Lutie screams, a pair of “powerful hands” (236) tears her out of Jones’ arms. It’s Mrs. Hedges, who directs Lutie into her apartment, and then threatens Jones by informing him that Mr. Junto is interested in Lutie, and therefore Jones should keep his hands off her.
Inside Mrs. Hedges’ apartment, Hedges reminds Lutie that she can always “earn a little extra money” (240) by going out with a white gentleman. As Lutie leaves, Mrs. Hedges compares the young woman’s beauty to her own scarred body, and begins to reflect on her life.
Hedges had left Georgia because people there stared at her “enormous size” (241), hoping that New York would offer more opportunity and anonymity, and hoping that she could find a man “who would fall in love with her” (242). However, she soon found herself living out of dumpsters, which is where she met Junto. Hedges soon began working for him, collecting rent for buildings he owned. It was in one of these buildings that she was caught in a deadly fire.
She survived, but suffered serious burns and a loss of her hair. Afterwards, she became resigned to the fact that no man would want her. She takes up residence in Junto’s building on 116th Street, and soon convinces a “thin, dispirited young thing who never lifted her eyes from the sidewalk” (247), a girl named Mary, to live with her in order to help with shopping and errands. When a gentleman stops by, to try to see Mary, Mrs. Hedges realizes that she could make money off the situation. The street would give her plenty of “customers” (250) who would look for “a means of escape in exchange for a few dollar bills” (250).
She and Junto enter into a partnership as she runs a brothel out of her apartment, an agreement that makes them “plenty of money” (252). Mrs. Hedges believes that Lutie Johnson, with her “thick, soft hair” (256) may offer the best opportunity yet for making money, as “Mr. Junto would be willing to pay very high for her” (256).
Boots returns to the Junto Bar and Grill to see what Junto wants. He surmises that it has to do with Boots’ efforts to avoid the draft. Upon receiving his draft notice, Boots had asked Junto to help, since Boots felt “I ain’t got anything to fight for” (259); Boots hated white people too much to be sent off to war for them.
Before that, Boots had worked as a porter on a Pullman train, where he was bossed around and degraded by white passengers, and so Boots had believed that he’d “done all the crawling a man can do in one lifetime” (260). Junto had helped Boots avoid the draft by connecting him with a doctor who performed a dangerous ear surgery that made Boots ineligible for service, and now Boots believes that someone had informed the authorities about the scheme.
However, upon sitting down with Junto, Boots learns that he wants to discuss an entirely different matter: Lutie Johnson. Junto instructs Boots to leave her alone, as he’s “got other plans for her” (262). Boots reflects on his history with Junto, whom Boots knows can “break him” (264) by ensuring his band never gets hired again. Before Junto, Boots had been an itinerant piano player, playing in “dives and honkey-tonks and whorehouses, at rent parties and reefer parties” (266), essentially homeless until Junto offered him a job.
Though Boots is intrigued by Lutie, by the “challenge in the way she walked with her head up, in the deft way she had avoided his attempts to make love to her” (263), he knows that she is not worth the risk of having his career ruined and having to return to his old line of work: “She didn’t weigh enough when she was balanced against a life of saying ‘yes sir’ to every white bastard who had the price of a Pullman ticket” (265).
Boots thinks back on a previous relationship with a woman named Jubilee, who cheated on him with a white man. After discovering her deception, he beat her, leading her to slash his face in response. Boots thinks Jubilee wasn’t worth it, just like Lutie wouldn’t be worth it, no matter how beautiful she was. Boots tells Junto he’ll back off Lutie and leaves.
Jones returns to his apartment and fumes over the way Mrs. Hedges “slammed him against the cellar door” (279) and dragged Lutie out of his arms. He believes that Lutie was afraid of the dog, not him, and that it was all “Min’s fault” (279) that the dog got loose.
Jones then thinks that Lutie must be in love with Junto, the thought of which sets him “trembling” (279).He becomes filled with anger at the thought that Lutie believes “[b]lack men weren’t good enough for her” (282), and plots ways that he can have her. He settles on Bub, realizing that “he could hurt her through the kid” (283).He decides to set Bub up by having him “steal letters out of mail boxes” (291).
In his apartment, Jones notices a glass vial on the breakfast table, and becomes suspicious that Min is “working some kind of conjure on him” (285). When he accuses her of this, she claims that it’s heart medicine, an explanation that doesn’t satisfy Jones.
After acquiring a master mailbox key from a neighboring landlord, Jones traces an outline of it, then sends Min to make the copy in order to “fix” her, too (293). There would be no “scrap of evidence” (293) to connect Jones to the crime, and with Min out of the way and Bub in trouble, Jones would be able to manipulate Lutie as he wanted.
However, when Jones presents Bub with the plan to steal from neighborhood mailboxes, claiming that he would be doing “detective work catching crooks” (298), the boy refuses, leaving Jones cursing and kicking his dog.
Characters’ relationships are woven together to reveal multiple layers of power and powerlessness in their desire to exploit Lutie, a beautiful and relatively innocent woman. Jones is fearful of the symbol of the cross, which represents a higher authority that, even if he doesn’t believe in it, still carries enough residual influence to make him wary. Despite this constant fear, he desires power over Lutie, and though he tells himself “he wouldn’t hurt her for anything” (280), he seems unable to control himself around her.
Mrs. Hedges, with her size, her tough background, and her connection to Junto, scares Jones off, though she herself desires power over Lutie, because “Lutie offered great possibilities for making money” (256). Mrs. Hedges has risen to a position of power in the neighborhood because of her “indomitable urge to live” (245) and her sharp intelligence. She wears the scars and burns from a deadly fire proudly, and almost as an affront to proper white society, as she makes a profit off of other people’s desires.
To Boots, Lutie is another conquest, a beautiful woman he hopes to seduce and subdue, but he’s quickly disabused of this notion by Junto, who has provided Boots with all of his recent success. As a white man, Junto holds the most power within the neighborhood, and though he does not seem to discriminate based on race—even Boots acknowledges that“[t]here hadn’t been any of that you’re-black-and-I’m-white-business involved” (274)—Junto is also unafraid to ensure that everyone knows he holds the power. Boots’ previous job as a porter meant that he constantly had to bend to white people’s demands. Though he receives more money and acclaim working in Junto’s clubs, he ultimately still answers to a white man.
Jones, who is regarded as no better than a dog by many on the street, seeks to attain power over Lutie by manipulating her son, Bub. He creates a master key to unlock mailboxes in the neighborhood, something that he acknowledges is “so small and yet so powerful” (297), in hopes to finally obtain influence over Lutie. But even Bub rejects him, leaving Jones for the moment as perhaps the most powerless, and desperate, person on the street.
Lutie, for her part, understands that she is desired by Jones, Mrs. Hedges, and Boots, but seems willing to overlook or dismiss their overtures as she focuses on getting enough money to leave the street. Lutie does not seem to fully sense the danger she is in, nor the various schemes her neighbors have put into place against her.
By Ann Petry